Introduction
Building your own custom mechanical keyboard has become an increasingly popular hobby over the past few years. With so many different switches, keycaps, cases and other components to choose from, you can create a completely unique keyboard tailored exactly to your preferences. But what goes into making a custom keyboard? What are the main pieces you need to get started? In this article, we’ll break down the core components that make up a custom mechanical keyboard build.
Switches
The switches are arguably the most important part of any mechanical keyboard, and for a custom build you get to choose exactly what type of switches you want. Switches come in a variety of different styles, with the main options being linear, tactile and clicky. Popular switch options include:
- Cherry MX switches – A common switch type used in many pre-built mechanical keyboards. MX switches come in Red (linear), Brown (tactile) and Blue (clicky) options.
- Gateron – MX-style switches offered at a lower price point while still delivering smooth key presses.
- Kailh – Another MX-style switch known for innovative new options like box switches with transparent housings.
- Zealios – A tactile switch made by Gateron that is popular in the enthusiast community for its noticeable bump feeling without being as loud as clicky switches.
- Topre – An electrostatic capacitive switch known for its smooth, consistent feel.
The switches you choose will have the biggest impact on the overall typing feel and sound signature of your custom keyboard.
Keycaps
After selecting your switches, you’ll want to pick out a set of keycaps with custom colors, textures or designs. Keycaps come in various materials like ABS and PBT plastic, and you can find sets themed around popular media franchises, or colorful options to brighten up your board. The shape and profile of the keycaps also make a difference, with options like OEM, Cherry, SA and DSA profiles available. Backlit keycap sets are designed to allow RGB lighting from the keyboard to shine through. Many enthusiasts buy multiple keycap sets to regularly change up the look of their custom keyboard.
PCB Board
The PCB (printed circuit board) is what allows all the components of the keyboard to connect and communicate. Many custom keyboards are based around a standardized 60% or full-size PCB that is compatible with lots of cases and plates. You can also find PCBs made for specific popular keyboard layouts and brands. If you want a fully custom layout, you can work with a PCB manufacturer to fabricate your own design, which allows for unique switch and key placements. The PCB houses the microcontroller, which receives input from the switches and sends the signals to the computer.
Keyboard Case
The case (or frame) houses all the internal components and gives the keyboard its outward appearance. Custom keyboard cases come in a variety of materials like plastic, aluminum, wood or carbon fiber. They are made in different sizes and layouts, and some include extras like wrist rests. The case often dictates the overall size and shape the keyboard will take. 60% cases result in a compact, tenkeyless form factor while full-size cases accommodate a number pad. The case attaches securely to the PCB and plate inside. High-end custom builds sometimes use multiple pieces joined together for the case.
Plate
The plate is a thin layer that sits between the PCB and switches, typically made of metal or plastic. It provides structure and rigidity while allowing the switch pins to extend through to the PCB. Plates come in different layouts and material thicknesses, which can subtly affect the acoustics and feel of the keyboard. Some custom builds opt to forego a plate entirely for maximum flex, while others use plates to enhance sturdiness and switch stability.
Stabilizers
Stabilizers are components that support larger keys on the keyboard to prevent them from tilting sideways when pressed. Most keyboards have stabilizers under keys like the space bar, enter, shift and backspace keys. Custom keyboards allow you to use high-quality stabilizers that won’t rattle or stick, providing a smooth and consistent press. Band-aid modding stabilizers is a popular technique to reduce friction and noise.
Conclusion
Putting together all these components allows keyboard enthusiasts to build a completely unique typing tool tailored specifically to their preferences. With so many options to choose from for each part, the possibilities are endless! The process requires some research and planning, but can result in the ultimate dream keyboard. Building a custom mechanical keyboard lets you control every aspect of the experience, from the typing feel to aesthetics.
